Projects and ongoing research

Entwicklung eines Prozessschemas zum Aufbau von Kapazitäten zum präventiven und innovativen Umgang mit Hitzegefährdung als Beitrag zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung mit Fokus auf kleine Kommunen. (Vorgängerprojekt: Lokale Kompetenzentwicklung zur Klimawandelanpassung in kleinen und mittleren Kommunen und Landkreisen (LoKlim))

Fünfgeld H
Email: hartmut.fuenfgeld@geographie.uni-freiburg.de

Baden-Württemberg. Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst

Australia and Germany are already experiencing serious climate change impacts. In Australia, recent disasters include devastating bushfires in 2019-20 and recurrent flooding in 2021-22. In Germany, recent dryness, drought periods and heat waves have harmed agriculture/forestry, while lethal extreme rainfall events in 2021 in the Ahrtal region destroyed whole communities. The IPCC documents the escalating climate change risks each country faces in coming decades, including the risks of cascading infrastructural breakdown and institutional overwhelm. As climate change adaptation is an urgent government imperative, this project provides a much-needed window into the ‘black box’ of institutional adaptation decision-making in two regions that share seemingly high adaptive capacity but slow adaptation action: Baden-Württemberg, Germany, and Victoria, Australia. The aim is to foster more effective and just public sector adaptation by analysing how and why officials are approaching adaptation the way they are. The research questions are: 1. In Baden-Württemberg and Victoria’s state governments, which groups are working on climate change adaptation and why? 2. What are their professional/disciplinary lenses and how do these shape the risks they prioritise, and the adaptation approaches they favour? How do they perceive cascading, compounding and catastrophic climate change risks? 3. How do work settings affect their perspectives and actions? What role do national differences play? 4. What does this suggest about ‘institutional barriers’ to effective and just adaptation and how these can be overcome? What positive ideas can be gleaned from diverse contexts?

Fünfgeld H
Email: hartmut.fuenfgeld@geographie.uni-freiburg.de

Deutschland. Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung

MUTUAL investigates the potential of progressive trans-institutional alliances to foster growth-independent development pathways at the municipal scale. The project builds on empirical and theoretical insights on the ambivalence of economic growth as principal socio-economic orientation in the Global North: while growth plays a key role with respect to the relative short-term stability of current provisioning systems, its negative effects on ecological integrity and bad performance with respect to social equality increasingly come to the fore. To date, however, post-growth scholars focus overwhelmingly on organizations and small groups or on large-scale institutional restructuring, predominantly aimed at national and supra-national scales. Against this background, MUTUAL explores in what ways the cooperation of progressive formal-institutional and non-institutional actors at the municipal scale can lead to institutional innovations that alleviate growth pressures and facilitate further pro-environmental and -social action. Through four specific case studies, MUTUAL traces how such ‘municipal transformative communities’ establish synergistic dynamics between framework conditions and alternative economic practices to decrease the dependency of individuals, organizations, and institutions on market competition, monetary profitability, and financial resources. MUTUAL, thus, counteracts the lack of city-centered perspectives in, and the general spatial blindness of post-growth research as well as the neglect of growth dynamics in large parts of municipalist and urban transformations literature. Learning from and with municipal transformative communities, MUTUAL, finally, aims to identify expedient post-growth-oriented development pathways and broker these insights to a selected partner community.

Dr. Benedikt Schmid
Phone: ++49(0)761 203-3566
Email: benedikt.schmid@geographie.uni-freiburg.de

Under the pressure of global societal challenges, increasing risks in the context of natural hazards pose a significant challenge for many regions in Switzerland, including many smaller mountain communities. Reactions to this challenge include calls for progress in knowledge production and risk communication to ensure a high level of acceptance of risk management measures. The central aim of this project is to expand the understanding of political dimensions of knowledge dynamics in natural hazard risk management and to develop an analytical framework for analysing justice implications. Empirically, the project focuses on a rural community in the Entlebuch region (Canton Lucerne), whose development has been linked to social negotiations on how to deal with natural hazards for a long time (e.g. construction of protective structures against debris flows, establishment of a local avalanche service). Processes and contexts of knowledge production and circulation as well as their interrelations with social processes of spatial production are analysed across scales on the basis of a qualitative field study starting from the local context. Conceptually, the project uses the idea of socio-technical imaginaries (STI) to analyse the links and interactions between normative, epistemic and material dimensions of risk management. Based on intensive analyses of everyday practices and interpretative patterns at a local level, the project relates historical and current spatial visions of desired futures to contestations about the management of natural hazards and related processes of knowledge production and circulation. Based on interviews, informal conversations, observations and document analyses at local, cantonal and national level (e.g. with practitioners, political decision-makers, scientists, residents), the study investigates how past and current visions of desired futures (e.g. concerning the development of rural mountain regions or the significance of technical solutions in socio-environmental relations) materialise in natural hazard risk management and related processes of knowledge production and circulation. In this context, the categorisation of the respective processes in sociotechnical imaginaries across scales is of vital importance.

Rudloff A
Email: anna.rudloff@geographie.uni-freiburg.de

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This is a transdisciplinary project involving two University of Freiburg departments (Geo-botany and Human Geography and Global Change), the University Clinic of Freiburg Institute of General Medicine, the city of Freiburg, and the Eco-station. The City of Freiburg’s “Freiburg Packt An (FPA)” street tree sponsorship program is the nature-based intervention prescribed by the general practitioner of the patient. This prescription (BRx) connects the patient to the researcher and the tree sponsorship program, which ensures access to the FPA coordinator and FPA-sponsored events as well as to education and materials – such as seeds and native plants – provided by the Eco-station in Freiburg. The target intervention group is broadly defined as any adult individual who lives in Freiburg and may be at risk of developing or deepening a non-communicable disease. The target control group consists of individuals who newly register for the Freiburg Packt an tree sponsorship program (independently and without a doctor’s prescription). All research methods and support will be the same for the intervention and the non-intervention groups.

Baldwin Heid K
Email: kelly.heid@biologie.uni-freiburg.de

In I4C, digital-ecological innovations in the form of artificial intelligence (AI) based methods are developed and used to help adapt cities to challenges of climate change. A process chain from data acquisition to analysis and environmental prediction to concrete adaptation measures is being tested. The project is accompanied by systematically considering ethics implications and the reciprocal transfer of knowledge among different actors as part of dealing with AI at city level . The project is geographically anchored in the Freiburg region. Its results will be demonstrated using the Green City Freiburg as an case study. Today, over 75% of the German population lives in cities. Cities are sensitive hubs of social and cultural life and commerce. Extreme weather events, such as floods, heat waves or storm events, which will occur more frequently due to climate change, are increasingly challenging for cities. Adapting to changing conditions is essential for the long-term protection of our population and economic viability. Digital-ecological innovations have the potential make a significant contribution towards building capacity for climate change adaptation. Due to the complexity of urban systems, AI methods play a special role. Through AI, complex calculations such as short-term and locally specific forecasts of extreme events, long-term projections of risks, or intelligent real-time control mechanisms can be implemented more efficiently and reliably. I4C addresses these challenges. An AI-supported process chain is being developed that will ultimately deliver measures to improve the adaptability of cities to extreme events. Meteorological process models and climate simulations are used to identify areas in cities that are vulnerable to heat, flooding and storm. The stress situations and associated impacts are simulated, quantified and visualized in a semantic 3D model at the spatial resolution of individual buildings. On the basis of the simulations, experts are able to propose concrete measures that can be systematically applied in politics, law and planning and the effects of which can be evaluated. Control elements, e.g. for building automation, are also derived. The process chain will be tested using the city of Freiburg as an example. For the realization of I4C, an interdisciplinary team from the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg and from Fraunhofer institutes in the fields of computer science, engineering, meteorology, hydrology, economics, politics, law and social sciences is joining forces with companies from the region in the field of mobile mapping, sensor manufacturing, urban planning, energy supply and consulting, public authorities as well as the Green City Freiburg. The Chair group of Geography of Global Change is involved in two sub-projects of I4C: Within the framework of a work package, ethical dimensions of AI-based modelling and prediction methods are identified and discussed in I4C. In a series of workshops and discussion forums on ethical issues, actors involved in the project will be sensitized to emerging ethical implications of the AI-based procedures developed in the project. As part of a further work package, the possibilities and limits of integrating AI-based approaches into municipal climate change adaptation processes will be examined from an institutional and planning perspective and, in cooperation with the city of Freiburg, reviewed in terms of their practical relevance and feasibility.

Fünfgeld H, Speidel A
Phone: +49(0)761 203-3560; +49(0)761 203-3568
Email: hartmut.fuenfgeld@geographie.uni-freiburg.de; alexandra.speidel@geographie.uni-freiburg.de

BMU - KI-Leuchttürme für Umwelt, Klima, Natur und Ressourcen

Municipalities and districts (“Landkreise”) in Baden-Württemberg are increasingly affected by the impacts of climate change. Severe damage caused by heavy rain, floods, heat waves and droughts, such as those in 2018, testify to this development and the increasing relevance of climate change adaptation. While climate change adaptation is increasingly integrated into administrative structures and processes in large cities, small and medium-sized municipalities usually do not have the necessary capacity or resources to tackle the effects of climate change with strategically-oriented, yet at the same time efficient adaptation planning and decision-making processes. The aim of the project is to support municipal institutions and actors in the planning and implementation of locally-specific adaptation processes. For this purpose, practical instruments for tangible development and expansion of competencies and capacities for adaptation to climate change will be developed, specifically focusing on the needs of small and medium-sized municipalities and districts in the state of Baden-Württemberg. In this way, municipal institutions and actors will be supported and enabled in the planning and implementation of local-specific adaptation processes – especially those operating in a small and medium sized municipal context.

Fünfgeld H
Phone: ++49(0)761 203-3560
Email: hartmut.fuenfgeld@geographie.uni-freiburg.de

Gefördert vom Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit (BMU) aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages, Beteiligte Projektpartner (Kommunen und Landkreise)

During the last five decades, state-led resettlement has accompanied many construction projects of dams – especially in the Global South – and has been framed as a side effect that needs to be accepted in order to foster development (see Rogers/Wilmsen 2019). However, resettlement is nowadays increasingly taking place in response to extreme weather events that become more frequent and intense, also due to climate change (see e.g. Arnall 2014). On a global level, low-lying coastal regions which often have a high population density and are threatened by flooding and coastal erosion due to global sea level rise are particularly vulnerable. For instance, in some areas of the Volta River Delta in southeast Ghana, the coastline has been shifted inland by up to three kilometers, an incremental process that was triggered by a combination of rising sea levels and sediments of the Volta River being retained by the Akosombo Dam. As a result, entire villages literally were swallowed by the erosion processes of the Atlantic Ocean. For this reason, from 2017 onwards, state institutions set up a resettlement village for several hundreds of affected households on a piece of reclaimed land in the lagoon of Keta, east of the mouth of the Volta River. Unsatisfyingly, resettlement so far has been scientifically examined mostly in the context of dam projects and not so much against the background of climate change. In addition, those studies often aimed at optimizing the resettlement process without questioning resettlement and the logics behind in the first place. Thence, Rogers and Wilmsen (2019) called for a critical geography of resettlement, i.e. studies in the field of geography that critically and profoundly examine resettlement projects. The research project will make a contribution to this new field of research and therefore analyzes the Ghanaian example described above as part of a case study. Abstracted from the case study, it deals with geographies of resettlement in the context of multi-scale processes of environmental change and degradation, which are examined from the standpoint of political ecology. The corresponding analytical framework is based on theories of power (e.g. Foucault), violence (e.g. Watts, Nixon) and justice (e.g. Rawls, Sen). The research project focuses on three key elements within the resettlement processes: actors, power and interests. Buildung on this, three research questions are pursued: 1) How did different actors use their respective power to shape the resettlement process in a way that serves their own or others’ interests? 2) How was resettlement legitimized and by whom? 3) Which social, political and economic effects on resettled people can be identified and to what extent can they be linked to certain resettlement practices applied? As part of the research project, several phases of field research are be necessary to collect primary data in the Volta River Delta. The methodological toolbox used during these stages contains qualitative and ethnographic research methods of geography.

Friedrich Neu
Phone: +49(0)761 203-54233
Email: friedrich.neu@geographie.uni-freiburg.de

- Kurzstipendium für Doktorand*innen des Deutschen Akademischen Austauschdienstes (DAAD) zur Finanzierung der Feldforschung 2020 (nicht in Anspruch genommen wegen Reisebeschränkungen nach Ghana aufgrund von Covid-19), - Promotionsstipendium des Evangelischen Studienwerks Villigst, finanziert aus Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), inkl. Förderung von Feldforschung (seit August 2020)